1. 宴山亭·北行见杏花(赵佶)
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现代汉语译文
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裁翦冰绡,轻叠数重,淡著燕脂匀注。新样靓妆,艳溢香融,羞杀蕊珠宫女。易得凋零,更多少、无情风雨。愁苦。问院落凄凉,几番春暮?
现代汉语译文
上阕先把杏花写成一件精巧的衣饰:花瓣像洁白丝绸,被一层层剪裁叠起,再轻轻染上胭脂;它的妆容新巧,颜色明艳,香气也仿佛流动,连仙宫中的女子见了都要逊色。可这份美丽很容易凋谢,更何况春风春雨无情。词人由花的易谢转入院落的冷落,叹问这样的暮春还要经历几回。
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凭寄离恨重重,者双燕何曾,会人言语?天遥地远,万水千山,知他故宫何处?怎不思量?除梦里、有时曾去。无据。和梦也、新来不做。
现代汉语译文
重重离愁要托付给谁寄去?眼前这双燕子,哪里懂得人的话语和心事?天地辽远,山水阻隔,怎能知道故宫如今在何处?怎能不去思念?只有在梦里,偶尔还能回去一趟;可这也没有凭据。近来,连这样的梦也不再做了。
词句注释 · Notes
上阕 · First stanza
“冰绡”是洁白轻薄的丝织品,用来比喻花瓣;“燕脂”即胭脂。“靓妆”形容妆饰鲜明美好,“蕊珠宫女”指仙宫中的女子。“易得凋零”既写杏花,也为下阕的离恨与身世之感蓄势。
“Ice silk” is fine white silk, a metaphor for the petals; “燕脂” means rouge. “靓妆” describes brilliant adornment, and the maidens of the Rui-zhu Palace are celestial women. The flower’s vulnerability prepares the turn toward separation and personal loss in the second stanza.
下阕 · Second stanza
“者”在这里是“这”;“凭寄”是托付传递。“故宫”指故国旧日宫阙,具体所指不必坐实为某一处宫殿。“除梦里、有时曾去”仍留有梦中归去的可能,结尾却说近来连梦也没有了,情绪由寄望转向无着。
“者” means “these” here, while “凭寄” means to entrust something for delivery. “故宫” evokes the palace of the lost homeland; it need not be reduced to one specific building. The speaker once had the possibility of returning in dreams, but the final lines withdraw even that fragile consolation.