37. 琴歌(李颀)

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现代汉语译文

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主(zhǔ)人(rén)有(yǒu)酒(jiǔ)欢(huān)今(jīn)夕(xī),()请(qǐng)奏(zòu)鸣(míng)琴(qín)广(guǎng)陵(líng)客(kè)。()

现代汉语译文

主人备了酒,今晚要尽欢,请那位广陵来的客人弹琴。

「广陵客」点出弹琴人的来处,也带出《广陵散》的旧典,先给琴声一个来历。

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月(yuè)照(zhào)城(chéng)头(tóu)乌(wū)半(bàn)飞(fēi),()霜(shuāng)凄(qī)万(wàn)树(shù)风(fēng)入(rù)衣(yī)。()

现代汉语译文

月亮照着城头,乌鸦飞起一半;寒霜使万树凄冷,风吹进衣里。

三样东西都是冷的:月、霜、风。写景不写琴,先把听琴的人放到冷里。

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铜(tóng)炉(lú)华(huá)烛(zhú)烛(zhú)增(zēng)辉(huī),()初(chū)弹(tán)渌(lù)水(shuǐ)后(hòu)楚(chǔ)妃(fēi)。()

现代汉语译文

铜炉和花烛使灯火更亮,先弹《渌水》,后弹《楚妃》。

曲名照实写。室内是暖的,和门外的霜风对着开。

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一(yī)声(shēng)已(yǐ)动(dòng)物(wù)皆(jiē)静(jìng),()四(sì)座(zuò)无(wú)言(yán)星(xīng)欲(yù)稀(xī)。()

现代汉语译文

一声琴响,万物都静下来;满座的人不出声,星星快要稀了。

「物皆静」是效果,「四座无言」是人。写到星稀,时间已经过去很久。

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清(qīng)淮(huái)奉(fèng)使(shǐ)千(qiān)余(yú)里(lǐ),()敢(gǎn)告(gào)云(yún)山(shān)从(cóng)此(cǐ)始(shǐ)。()

现代汉语译文

奉命出使清淮,路有一千多里;我斗胆说一声,云和山从此开始了。

结尾有人。前面全是听琴,这一句说自己明天要上路,琴声给这一程开了个头。

赏析 · Commentary

冷和暖分成两半 · Cold Outside, Warm Inside

第二句写门外:月、乌、霜、风,全是冷的,风钻进衣服。第三句一转身写屋内:铜炉、华烛,全是暖的。李颀不解释这种对比,只把两半并排放着。琴声从暖的这一半发出来,听的人却刚从冷的那一半进来,屋子里的暖因此显得更明显。

The second line is outdoors: moon, crows, frost, wind, all cold, wind getting inside the clothes. The third line turns to the room: bronze censer, figured candles, all warm. Li Qi does not explain the contrast, only sets the two halves side by side. The music comes from the warm half while the listeners have just walked in from the cold one, and the room's warmth stands out all the more for it.

一个音就让万物停下 · One Note Stops Everything

写音乐最难,李颀不形容音色,只写反应:物静、座默、星稀。三样都不在琴上,全在琴的外面。四座无言是人的反应,星欲稀是时间的反应。等读者意识到夜已经这么深,前面听琴的那段时间已经被悄悄量了出来。

Music is the hardest thing to write, and Li Qi does not describe the tone; he describes reactions. Things go still, the table goes silent, the stars thin out. None of the three is on the zither; all three are outside it. The silent table is the human response, the thinning stars are time's. By the moment the reader notices how late it is, the stretch of listening has already been quietly measured out.

听琴之后要走的路 · The Road After the Music

末句忽然回到自己身上:一千多里外的清淮等着他。前面写的是屋子里的暖,这一句写的是明天早晨。云山从此始,等于把琴声当成一段路的起点。听的人没评价音乐,只说听完之后要去哪儿,评价反而更清楚。

The last line comes back to the poet himself: a mission to the clear Huai, a thousand li off, is waiting. All before was the warmth of the room; this line is tomorrow morning. That the clouds and hills begin here makes the music the starting point of a stretch of road. The listener never judges the playing, only says where he goes after hearing it, and the judgment comes through clearer for that.

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