ChineseStudy

286. 为有（李商隐）

目录

正文

现代汉语译文

为（wèi）有（yǒu）云（yún）屏（píng）无（wú）限（xiàn）娇（jiāo），（）凤（fèng）城（chéng）寒（hán）尽（jǐn）怕（pà）春（chūn）宵（xiāo）。（）

只因有那云母屏风后无限的娇美，京城里寒冬已过，反而怕起这春夜太短。

“为有”（因为）领起，点出女子之美；“云屏”即以云母片装饰的屏风。“凤城”指京城长安。“寒尽”写冬去春来；“怕春宵”不是怕春夜清冷，而是怕春宵苦短——春夜本就短，天亮却又意味着分离，故反以为怕。

无（wú）端（duān）嫁（jià）得（dé）金（jīn）龟（guī）婿（xù），（）辜（gū）负（fù）香（xiāng）衾（qīn）事（shì）早（zǎo）朝（cháo）。（）

没来由地嫁了个佩金龟袋的高官夫婿，反倒辜负了这香暖的被褥，只因他要去赶早朝。

“无端”是没来由、何必，含怨的语气。“金龟婿”指佩金龟袋的显贵：唐代官员以龟袋为饰，金龟为高品所佩，后世遂以金龟婿称显赫的女婿。“香衾”写卧榻的香暖；“事早朝”写丈夫天不亮就要上朝。怨的由头，正在风光与冷落并存。

赏析 · Commentary

富贵里的空房 · An Empty Room Amid Riches

女子住在京城，屏风华美，夫婿显贵，看似令人艳羡；她却“怕春宵”“辜负香衾”。原因很简单：丈夫是高官，天不亮就得去上早朝。诗人把怨意放在“无端”二字上——嫁得富贵，反不如寻常夫妻朝夕相守。全诗只写这一层矛盾，不铺陈别的。

The woman lives in the capital with a fine screen and a distinguished husband, seemingly enviable; yet she dreads the spring night and wastes the fragrant quilt. The reason is simple: her husband is a high official who must leave for court before dawn. The poet puts the complaint in the words for no reason—to marry into wealth is worse than an ordinary couple's daily company. The poem writes only this one contradiction and lays out nothing else.

一个“怕”字的分量 · The Weight of One Word: Dread

春夜本是良宵，她偏偏怕。怕的不是春夜，而是春夜太短、天亮太快。一个“怕”字，把独守空房又贪恋相聚的心情写尽了。后两句把原因补上以后，前面的“无限娇”就不再只是容貌，也成了这份无人共度的娇。

A spring night should be a fine night, yet she dreads it. What she dreads is not the night but how short it is and how fast the dawn comes. One word, dread, exhausts the feeling of keeping an empty room while hungering for company. Once the closing couplet supplies the cause, the beauty beyond measure of the first line is no longer only her looks; it becomes a beauty no one shares.

反馈