291. 瑶瑟怨（温庭筠）
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现代汉语译文
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冰簟银床梦不成，碧天如水夜云轻。
现代汉语译文
冰凉的竹席、银饰的床，怎么也做不成一个好梦；碧蓝的天空像水一样，夜里的云又轻又薄。
“冰簟”是清凉的竹席，“银床”指装饰精美的床；“梦不成”写辗转难眠。“碧天如水”写夜空澄澈如水；“夜云轻”写云薄而淡。两句只写夜里的清凉与无眠，人的心思尚未道破。
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雁声远过潇湘去，十二楼中月自明。
现代汉语译文
大雁的叫声远远地越过潇湘飞去；十二楼中，月光只是自顾自地明亮着。
“雁声”点出秋意，也牵动远人之思——古人常以雁传书、以雁写离。“潇湘”是湖南的潇水、湘水一带，是大雁南飞所经之地。“十二楼”相传为仙人居处，这里借指女子所住的高楼；“月自明”的“自”字最见冷清：月亮不管人愁不愁，依旧明亮。（“银床”一作“银牀”，义同。）
赏析 · Commentary
一句“梦不成”定下全篇 · "No Dream Will Come" Sets the Whole Poem
诗从“梦不成”起笔，后面写的都是睡不着时的所见所闻：碧天、轻云、雁声、明月。景物都清、都远、都安静，正好衬出人的不成眠。标题叫“瑶瑟怨”，诗里却没有瑟，也没有一个“怨”字，怨意全在无眠的夜里。
The poem begins with no dream will come, and all that follows is what is seen and heard while unable to sleep: blue sky, light clouds, geese crying, bright moon. The scenery is clear, distant, quiet—just right to set off the sleeplessness. The title speaks of a jade zither's lament, yet there is no zither in the poem and not one word of lament; the complaint lies wholly in the sleepless night.
“月自明”的“自” · The Word "Of Itself"
末句若写成“月正明”，只是写景；用“自明”，就多了“自顾自、与我无关”的意味。雁声越走越远，月亮高悬不动，十二楼中的女子却独自醒着。热闹的都不属于她，明亮的也照不进她的心事。一个虚字，把孤独落到实处。
Had the closing line read the moon is bright, it would be mere scenery; with of itself it gains the sense of shining on its own, unconcerned with me. The geese cry farther and farther off, the moon hangs motionless, and the woman in the twelve towers stays awake alone. Nothing lively is hers, and even the brightness does not reach her heart. One empty word sets the loneliness down solidly.