300. 长信怨（王昌龄）
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现代汉语译文
正文
奉帚平明金殿开，且将团扇共徘徊。
现代汉语译文
天刚亮时，她拿着扫帚，金殿的门已经打开；只得拿着团扇，独自徘徊。
“奉帚”即执帚洒扫，写她失宠后做着洒扫的差事。“平明”是天刚亮。“金殿开”写宫门开启。“团扇”用班婕妤《怨歌行》团扇见弃的典故：扇子秋凉便遭弃置，喻女子色衰失宠。“且将”是姑且拿着。“共徘徊”写人与扇相伴徘徊，孤寂可知。异文：Gutenberg 底本作“且将团扇共徘徊”，维基文库作“暂将团扇共徘徊”，chinese-poetry 数据集作“暂将团扇共裴回”，本站从 Gutenberg 通行本作“且将”。
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玉颜不及寒鸦色，犹带昭阳日影来。
现代汉语译文
她那如玉的容颜，竟比不上乌鸦的颜色；因为乌鸦还带着昭阳宫的日影飞来。
“玉颜”是美如白玉的容颜，指失宠的宫女。“寒鸦”指秋日带寒意的乌鸦。“不及”是比不上。“昭阳”是汉代宫殿名，赵飞燕姊妹得宠时所居，这里代指皇帝新宠之处。“日影”既指日光，也暗喻君王的恩宠。诗意在于：乌鸦尚能从昭阳殿飞来，沾带一点君恩余光，而她却连这点余光也分不到。
赏析 · Commentary
以扫地的差事写失宠 · Favor Lost, Told Through a Sweeping Task
“奉帚”把失宠落在一个具体动作上：昔日承恩的人，如今天不亮就拿着扫帚洒扫。一个动作，已经说尽盛衰之别。团扇的典故接着补上：扇子一到秋天就被丢开，正如她色衰见弃。
Bearing the broom fixes lost favor in one concrete act: she who once received favor now sweeps at first light. That single action says all the difference between rise and fall. The fan allusion adds the rest: a fan is thrown aside as soon as autumn comes, just as she was cast off when her beauty faded.
拿乌鸦作比 · The Crow as a Comparison
“玉颜不及寒鸦色”一句，历来为人称道。人不如鸦，已够可悲；诗人还给出理由——乌鸦从昭阳殿飞来，羽上带着日影。皇帝的一点余光，她求之不得，乌鸦却轻易沾带。比得越卑微，怨意越深。
The line her jade face cannot match the color of the cold crow has always been admired. That a person is less than a crow is sad enough; the poet even gives the reason—the crow comes from Zhaoyang and carries sunlight on its feathers. A little of the emperor's radiance, which she cannot beg, the crow picks up without trying. The humbler the comparison, the deeper the resentment.