283. 金谷园（杜牧）
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现代汉语译文
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繁华事散逐香尘，流水无情草自春。
现代汉语译文
当年的繁华旧事，已随着香尘一同消散；流水无情地流去，春草却依旧自顾自地生长。
金谷园是西晋富豪石崇所建的园林，极盛一时。“繁华事散”写园中旧事早已烟消云散；“香尘”用石崇以香屑铺地、让爱妾践踏的旧闻，代指当年的豪奢。“流水无情”写水不管人事，只管流去；“草自春”写野草不顾兴亡，依旧逢春而绿。
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日暮东风怨啼鸟，落花犹似坠楼人。
现代汉语译文
黄昏时分，东风里传来啼鸟的哀怨；那飘落的花瓣，仿佛就是当年坠楼而死的美人。
“日暮东风”把时间收在傍晚，风与鸟声都带哀意。“坠楼人”指石崇的爱妾绿珠：权贵孙秀索求绿珠，石崇不肯相让，绿珠便在金谷园中坠楼自尽。诗人由眼前的落花联想到她，花落与人亡叠合，兴废之感与悼惜之情都不点破。
赏析 · Commentary
由落花想到坠楼人 · From Fallen Blossoms to the Woman Who Fell
前两句写繁华散尽、流水无情，是就园子的兴废说；后两句忽然把一个具体的女子搬出来。落花本是无情之物，诗人偏说它像绿珠，于是季节的凋零就成了人的死亡。金谷园的盛与衰、美人的生与死，都收在“落花”这一意象里。
The opening couplet speaks of the garden's rise and fall—splendor dissolved, water indifferent; the closing couplet suddenly brings in one particular woman. Fallen blossoms have no feeling, yet the poet says they resemble Green Pearl, and so the fading of the season becomes a person's death. The garden's glory and ruin, the beauty's life and death, are all gathered into the single image of the falling flower.
一园兴废，一个女子 · One Garden's Rise and Fall, One Woman
石崇斗富是历史上有名的奢华，金谷园正是这份奢华的地标；绿珠坠楼则是这奢华里最惨烈的一笔。杜牧不评判石崇的对错，只写园子荒了、草绿了、花落了，最后让花与绿珠重叠。读者自会明白：再盛的园子，也留不住一个女子，更留不住那一园繁华。
Shi Chong's contest of wealth is a famous extravagance in history, and the Golden Valley Garden was its landmark; Green Pearl's leap was the cruelest stroke within that extravagance. Du Mu passes no judgment on Shi Chong; he writes only that the garden is overgrown, the grass green, the blossoms fallen, and at the end lets the flower and Green Pearl overlap. The reader understands: however splendid the garden, it could not keep one woman, much less keep all its glory.