ChineseStudy

306. 金缕衣（杜秋娘）

目录

正文

现代汉语译文

劝（quàn）君（jūn）莫（mò）惜（xī）金（jīn）缕（lǚ）衣（yī），（）劝（quàn）君（jūn）惜（xī）取（qǔ）少（shào）年（nián）时（shí）。（）

劝你不要吝惜那华贵的金缕衣；劝你要珍惜的是青春年少的时光。

“金缕衣”是用金线织成的华贵衣服，代指富贵之物。“莫惜”即不要吝惜。“惜取”是珍惜、爱惜。两句用“劝君”反复呼告，把富贵与青春对举：金缕衣失去还可再得，少年时光一去不返，故劝人舍物而惜时。（此诗《唐诗三百首》署杜秋娘，chinese-poetry 数据集作无名氏，作者归属有异说。）

花（huā）开（kāi）堪（kān）折（zhé）直（zhí）须（xū）折（zhé），（）莫（mò）待（dài）无（wú）花（huā）空（kōng）折（zhé）枝（zhī）。（）

花开了，可以折的时候就应当及时去折；不要等到花谢了，才空自折下光秃秃的枝条。

“堪”是可以、值得。“直须”是就应当、只管。“莫待”是不要等到。“空折枝”写无花可折、只折得空枝。字面说折花要及时，实则承接上句，劝人把握青春、及时行事（也有一说借花喻人、劝人珍惜眼前情缘）。比喻浅白而含义不止一层。

赏析 · Commentary

用一件华服反衬青春 · A Costly Robe Set Against Youth

起句先劝人不要舍不得金缕衣。金缕衣再贵，也只是死物；少年时才是再也买不回来的东西。诗人用“莫惜”与“惜取”两个相反的动作对举，一句之内就把轻重分清了。

The opening line first tells one not to cling to the robe of golden thread. However dear it is, it is only a dead thing; youth is what can never be bought back. The poet sets not to prize against to prize, two opposite acts, and within one line settles which matters more.

折花要及时 · Pick the Flower in Time

后两句用折花打比方：花开时就要折，别等花谢了只折到空枝。这是最朴素的话，却把“及时”二字说得人人能懂。全诗因此广为流传，常被人当作惜时、奋进的箴言，也常用在劝人珍惜情缘的场合。

The closing couplet uses picking flowers as a figure: pick while they bloom, and do not wait till they are gone and only a bare branch is left. This is the plainest of sayings, yet it makes the word timeliness plain to everyone. For this the poem has spread widely, often taken as a maxim on cherishing time and striving, and often used to urge someone not to let a love slip.

反馈