254. 送孟浩然之广陵(李白)
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现代汉语译文
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故人西辞黄鹤楼,烟花三月下扬州。
现代汉语译文
老朋友在黄鹤楼与我辞别,在柳絮如烟、繁花似锦的三月顺江东下扬州。
“烟花三月”写暮春烟霭、柳絮与繁花,并非现代所说的焰火。“下扬州”是顺长江水势向东而行;“西辞”说明黄鹤楼在扬州以西。
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孤帆远影碧空尽,惟见长江天际流。
现代汉语译文
那一叶孤帆的远影渐渐消失在碧空尽头,只看见长江向天边流去。
“孤帆”不是江上只有一条船,而是诗人的目光只跟着友人的船。帆影消失后,他仍望着江水,送别的时间因此延续到人已看不见之后。
赏析 · Commentary
视线怎样完成送别 · A Farewell Carried by the Gaze
四句诗没有写饯行对话,也没有写离人的神情。前两句交代朋友从哪里到哪里,后两句只跟随一叶帆。船从近处驶向远处,从清晰变成一点影子,再完全消失;诗人的视线却没有收回。送别因此不是一个动作,而是一段持续的观看。
The four lines contain no parting conversation and no description of the traveler's face. The first couplet marks origin and destination; the second follows a sail. The boat moves from near to far, from clear form to a speck, then vanishes altogether, yet the poet does not look away. Farewell becomes not a single gesture but an extended act of watching.
繁盛三月衬出的离情 · Parting Amid the Fullness of Spring
扬州、三月、烟花,本来都让人想到繁华和游赏。李白没有用萧瑟景物配离别,而是把朋友送进最明丽的季节。正因为旅途令人向往,惜别才不显得沉郁;正因为景色如此开阔,最后那个久久站在江边的人又格外清楚。
Yangzhou, the third month, mist, and blossoms suggest prosperity and pleasure. Li Bai does not surround departure with desolate scenery; he sends his friend into the brightest season. Because the journey is inviting, the sadness does not become oppressive. Because the landscape is so open, the figure who remains watching by the river stands out all the more clearly.