ChineseStudy

250. 芙蓉楼送辛渐（王昌龄）

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正文

现代汉语译文

寒（hán）雨（yǔ）连（lián）江（jiāng）夜（yè）入（rù）吴（wú），（）平（píng）明（míng）送（sòng）客（kè）楚（chǔ）山（shān）孤（gū）。（）

寒冷的夜雨笼罩江面，随着我们进入吴地；天亮送别友人时，只见楚山孤单地立着。

“平明”是天刚亮。“楚山孤”既是送别时所见，也让留下来的人显得孤单。夜雨、长江和清晨把离别拉成长而清冷的一段时间。

洛（luò）阳（yáng）亲（qīn）友（yǒu）如（rú）相（xiāng）问（wèn），（）一（yī）片（piàn）冰（bīng）心（xīn）在（zài）玉（yù）壶（hú）。（）

洛阳的亲友如果问起我的近况，请告诉他们，我的心依然像玉壶中的冰一样清白纯净。

“冰心”“玉壶”合写澄澈自守的品格。诗人托辛渐带回的不是生活琐事，而是对人格的说明：外界怎样议论，他仍保持清白。

赏析 · Commentary

送别诗为什么落在自白上 · Why the Farewell Ends in Self-Declaration

前两句写雨夜和清晨，后两句忽然转向洛阳亲友。辛渐即将北归，正好可以替诗人传话。临别最想说明的，是自己仍然清白自持。这样写并没有离开送别场景：只有可信的友人远行，这句话才有了明确的收信人。

The first half gives rain, night, and dawn; the second suddenly turns toward friends in Luoyang. Xin Jian is about to travel north and can carry the message. What matters most at parting is the assurance that the poet has preserved his integrity. This does not abandon the farewell scene: only because a trusted friend is leaving does the declaration acquire a clear audience.

“一片”怎样收住全诗 · How One Pure Heart Closes the Poem

“一片”把抽象的心写得像一块清澈可见的冰，“玉壶”又给它一个洁净、坚固的容器。前面的寒雨并没有侵入这里。结句不争辩具体的是非，只交代诗人希望亲友相信什么。语气越平静，越显出这份自我说明经过了压力。

The phrase one heart gives an abstract inner state the clarity of a visible piece of ice, while the jade vessel provides a clean and durable enclosure. The cold rain of the opening has not entered it. The close argues no particular charge; it states only what the poet wants his friends to believe. Its composure suggests the pressure under which such an assurance became necessary.

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