275. 将赴吴兴登乐游原（杜牧）
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现代汉语译文
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清时有味是无能，闲爱孤云静爱僧。
现代汉语译文
太平之世里，最有滋味的竟是无能；我闲时喜爱孤云，静时喜爱僧人。
“清时”指太平盛世；“有味是无能”是自嘲之语：世道太平，自己却无所作为，反而觉得闲散有味。“爱孤云”“爱僧”写闲适之趣，也暗含不合流俗、欲求解脱的心境。
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欲把一麾江海去，乐游原上望昭陵。
现代汉语译文
我想要手持一支出任的旌旗，到江海之地的远方去；此刻却站在乐游原上，遥望着昭陵。
“一麾”指出任外地的符节旌旗，这里指将赴吴兴（今湖州）任职。“江海”指远离京城的东南之地。“昭陵”是唐太宗的陵墓。将离京远行，却回头遥望太宗陵，其中含追慕明君、留恋朝廷之意。
赏析 · Commentary
先说闲，后说远行 · Idleness First, Then Departure
前两句把姿态放得很低：自认无能，只爱云和僧。后两句忽然转到出仕远行，读者才明白前面的闲适并非真的甘心。诗的情绪是先抑后扬又转沉——看似散淡，实则有一份不得不离开的落寞。
The opening two lines take a very low posture: he calls himself useless and cares only for clouds and monks. Then the poem turns suddenly to a distant posting, and the reader sees that the earlier calm was not true contentment. The feeling moves from quiet modesty to departure and then to something heavier—it looks detached, but underneath lies the loneliness of one who must go.
为什么要回头望昭陵 · Why He Looks Back at Zhaoling
末句把个人的去留接到历史上。昭陵里躺的是唐太宗，后世常把他当作明君与盛世的象征。杜牧将要远赴江海，却在乐游原上朝那个方向望去，这一望里有对明君的追慕，也有一点对当今时局的委婉不满。（后世多如此解读；“望昭陵”三字本身只写遥望陵墓。）
The closing line links one man's departure to history. Taizong lies in Zhaoling, and later ages took him as the emblem of a wise ruler and a golden age. About to set out for the far southeast, Du Mu looks off in that direction from Leyou Plain; the gaze holds both admiration for that ruler and a gentle dissatisfaction with the present. (This is the usual later reading; the three words gazing toward Zhaoling themselves describe only a look toward a tomb.)