295. 陇西行（陈陶）
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现代汉语译文
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誓扫匈奴不顾身，五千貂锦丧胡尘。
现代汉语译文
立誓要扫平匈奴，完全不顾惜自己的性命；五千名身着貂裘锦袍的精兵，都葬身在胡地的战尘之中。
“匈奴”是汉代北方的强敌，这里借指唐代进犯边境的敌军。“不顾身”写将士拼死报国。“貂锦”本指汉代羽林军所穿的貂裘锦衣，这里代指装备精良的精锐部队；“五千”是约数，写阵亡之众。“丧胡尘”指死于胡地的风沙战场。两句先写将士出征的忠勇与牺牲。
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可怜无定河边骨，犹是春闺梦里人。
现代汉语译文
最可叹的是，那无定河边的一堆枯骨，竟然还是春闺少妇梦里思念着的人。
“无定河”是黄河中游支流，在今陕西北部，因流沙淤积、深浅无定而得名，是唐代边塞征战之地。“可怜”即可叹、可悲。一“骨”一“人”相对：河边早已是白骨，闺中人却还把他当作活人，在梦中盼他归来。异文：Gutenberg 底本与维基文库作“深闺”，chinese-poetry 数据集及通行选本多作“春闺”，本站从读者常见作“春闺”。
赏析 · Commentary
从誓师到白骨 · From the Oath to the Bones
前两句写将士的忠勇：立誓扫敌，不惜捐躯，五千精锐埋骨胡尘。后两句忽然把镜头拉回闺房：她梦中的人，正是河边那具无人收殓的枯骨。诗人不评判战争，也不渲染哭声，只用“骨”与“人”的错位，让读者自己感到那份残酷。
The opening couplet shows the soldiers' valor: sworn to sweep away the foe, sparing no life, five thousand elite laid in Tartar dust. The closing couplet pulls the view back to the inner chamber: the man in her dream is exactly the unburied bone by the river. The poet neither judges the war nor milks its weeping; he lets the mismatch between bone and man make the cruelty felt.
一实一虚的对照 · The Real and the Dreamed
河边白骨是实，闺中春梦是虚。她连梦带自己都在骗自己：人早已死了，她却还不知道。诗只点出这一层，不给安慰，也不给结局。短短二十八字里，边塞的惨烈与深闺的痴情互相映照，这正是它传诵不衰的原因。
The bones by the river are real; the spring dream in the inner room is not. She and her dream both deceive her: the man has long been dead, and she does not yet know. The poem states only this much, offering neither comfort nor ending. In twenty-eight characters the horror of the frontier and the devotion of the inner chamber cast light on each other—which is why the poem has never stopped being read.