128. 酬程近即事见赠（韩翃）
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现代汉语译文
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长簟迎风早，空城澹月华。
现代汉语译文
长长的竹席先迎到风，空荡的城里，月色清淡地铺着。
「簟」是竹席。上句写室内，下句写室外，两句都在写凉。
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星河秋一雁，砧杵夜千家。
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银河上有一只秋雁飞过，夜里，千家万户响着捣衣的砧杵声。
「一雁」是孤单，「千家」是普遍。一与千相对，是全诗最见功力的一联。
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节候看应晚，心期卧亦赊。
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看时节该是深秋了，心里的期待落了空，想闲卧也难。
「赊」是远、落空。上句写天时，下句写心事，都是拖延未完的状态。
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向来吟秀句，不觉已鸣鸦。
现代汉语译文
刚才一直在吟诵你寄来的好诗句，不知不觉天已亮了，鸦声都响了。
「向来」是刚才。「鸣鸦」是天将明时鸦叫。时间长到由夜转晨，可见读诗之投入，也回应了友人赠诗这件事。
赏析 · Commentary
一首回赠的诗，重心在夜里 · A Reply Poem Centred on the Night
题中「酬……见赠」说明这是回赠之作。韩翃没有从收到诗写起，而是先写自己那一晚的状态：竹席迎风、空城月淡、雁过银河、千家捣衣。四句都是秋夜的景，铺足了气氛，第三联才转到心事，末联才点出正在读的正是对方的诗。把赠诗放在最后，比放在开头更有力——读者已经跟着他熬了一整夜。
The title marks this as a reply. Han Hong does not begin with the receipt of the poem but with his own state that night: mat in the wind, pale moon over an empty town, a goose crossing the Milky Way, pounding blocks in a thousand houses. Four lines of autumn night set the air, then the third couplet turns to his mind, and only the last reveals that what he has been reading is his friend's poem. Placing the gift last is stronger than placing it first: the reader has stayed up the night with him.
「一雁」对「千家」 · "One Goose" Against "A Thousand Households"
这一联的名声来自对仗的尺度。「一雁」是极小、极孤，「千家」是极大、极众，中间还夹着「秋」和「夜」。数量上的悬殊让孤独看得见：满城的砧杵声各有各的归处，天上的那只雁只有自己。韩翃没有写一个「愁」字，两句一摆，意思就出来了。
The couplet is famous for the scale of its parallelism. One goose is the smallest and loneliest unit, a thousand households the largest and most collective, with autumn and night wedged between them. The disparity makes solitude visible: each pound of the blocks in the city has a home behind it, and the goose in the sky has only itself.
结尾不说感谢 · The Close Without Thanks
「不觉已鸣鸦」是一句家常话，却比任何致谢都合适。作者既不夸对方写得好，也不说感动，只报告自己读到天亮。赠答诗里，把自己的反应写到这一层，本身就是最高的评价。韩翃这一联还有一个用处：它把前六句的夜景收进一个动作里，让整首诗的时间从入夜走到天明。
"Before I knew it the crows were calling" is plain talk and fits better than any thanks. The poet neither praises the writing nor declares himself moved; he reports only that he read until dawn. In poems of exchange, taking one's own reaction that far is itself the highest praise. The couplet does one more thing: it gathers the six lines of night into a single act and carries the poem's time from dusk to daybreak.