ChineseStudy

213. 相思（王维）

目录

正文

现代汉语译文

红（hóng）豆（dòu）生（shēng）南（nán）国（guó），（）春（chūn）来（lái）发（fā）几（jǐ）枝（zhī）？（）

红豆生长在南方，春天到来时，又会长出多少新枝？

红豆是南方植物，后来常被称为相思子。诗先问它在春天长得怎样，表面问草木，实际是在问远方的人和故乡的消息。

愿（yuàn）君（jūn）多（duō）采（cǎi）撷（xié），（）此（cǐ）物（wù）最（zuì）相（xiāng）思（sī）。（）

希望你多采一些红豆，因为它最能寄托相思之情。

“多采撷”不是单纯劝人采果实，而是请对方珍重这件可以传情的东西。“此物”把难以直说的思念落在一颗可以拿在手里的红豆上。

赏析 · Commentary

红豆怎样成为相思的信物 · How the Red Bean Became a Token of Longing

红豆颜色鲜明，种子坚硬，适合保存和赠送；诗歌又把它与南方、友人和离别反复联系起来，它才逐渐成为相思的象征。这首诗没有讲故事，只写生长、采撷两个动作。植物每年发枝，种子可以带走，思念也就有了具体形状。

Red beans are vivid, hard-seeded, easy to keep, and easy to give. Poetry repeatedly linked them with the south, absent friends, and separation, until they became a familiar emblem of longing. This poem tells no story and uses only two actions, growing and gathering. The plant sends out branches each year, its seeds can be carried away, and longing takes on a visible form.

“春来”与“秋来”的异文 · The Variant Readings Spring Comes and Autumn Comes

通行的《唐诗三百首》多作“春来发几枝”，另有文本作“秋来发故枝”。本站采用读者更熟悉的“春来”本。这个选择也让首联的时间更直接：春天正是发枝的季节。异文不影响全诗的核心，问红豆生长，仍是在问远方的人是否安好。

The widely read Three Hundred Tang Poems version has when spring comes, how many branches, while another textual line reads when autumn comes, it puts forth the old branches. This site follows the more familiar spring reading, which also makes the season of new growth immediate. The variant does not alter the poem's center: asking after the red bean's growth is still a way of asking after someone far away.

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