212. 送别（王维）
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现代汉语译文
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山中相送罢，日暮掩柴扉。
现代汉语译文
在山中送别友人之后，到了日暮，我独自关上柴门。
诗从送别结束以后写起，没有正面描写离别场面。“掩柴扉”是一个很轻的动作，却把友人离去后的空落留在门内。
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春草明年绿，王孙归不归？
现代汉语译文
明年春草还会重新变绿，远行的人那时会不会回来？
“王孙”沿用古诗中对远游之人的称呼，这里指被送别的友人。草木有确定的季节，人是否归来却没有答案。
赏析 · Commentary
送别之后，诗才开始 · The Poem Begins After the Farewell
很多送别诗写临行时的酒、路和叮嘱，这首诗把那些都省去了。第一句只说“相送罢”，第二句已经到了关门时分。镜头跟着留下来的人，不跟着远行者。友人走远以后，日暮、柴门和空山才显出分量。
Many farewell poems dwell on wine, the road, and last instructions. This one leaves them out. The first line says only that the seeing-off is over; by the second, it is already time to close the gate. The poem stays with the person left behind rather than following the traveler. Only after the friend has gone do dusk, the gate, and the mountain acquire their weight.
草会回来，人未必 · The Grass Will Return; the Friend May Not
结尾把确定和不确定放在一起。春草明年必绿，这是季节的循环；朋友何时归来，没有人知道。问句不要求回答，它只是把等待延长到下一个春天。短短四句没有直说思念，时间已经替诗人说完了。
The close places certainty beside uncertainty. Spring grass will green again: the seasons guarantee it. No one can guarantee when the friend will return. The question asks for no answer; it simply extends the waiting into another spring. The poem never names longing, because time has already said enough.